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okay

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so

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many of the advances that have taken

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place since that of dr goddard's first

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rocket in the 1920s have emerged from

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nasa lewis research center in cleveland

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ohio

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dr larry diehl chief of the space

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propulsion technology division gives us

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insight to the technology and the future

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we in lewis space propulsion technology

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division are striving to advance the

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technologies that will open pathways for

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the nation's ride to space

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we conduct research and develop

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technology for launch vehicles space

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transfer vehicles satellites and space

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platforms

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this wide range of applications requires

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a propulsion research and technology

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program that encompasses a number of

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options

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chemical nuclear

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electric propulsion as well as far term

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concepts like laser and microwave

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propulsion

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our current emphasis is on chemical and

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electric propulsion systems

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in some ways

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visions of the future begin with us

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because we must answer the questions

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asked when these systems are still on

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the drawing board

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let me share with you a vision of what

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is possible in the next 20 to 30 years

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and what is needed to get there

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we begin with new earth orbit propulsion

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systems that will benefit the space

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construction and long-term operation of

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the orbital outpost will depend on an

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advanced earth-to-orbit transportation

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system that will make regular trips to

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and from low earth orbit an improved

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shuttle will transport freedom's

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workforce

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economical low thrust rockets designed

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for reliability and flexibility will be

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used to counteract atmospheric drag and

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vibrations

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a powerful unmanned cargo vehicle will

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carry materials and supplies from earth

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low thrust rockets will also help

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enhance our knowledge of earth and space

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by keeping satellites properly located

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and correctly oriented and by assisting

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the unmanned spacecraft that will map

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and explore the solar system as they

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using advanced expander cycle engines

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space transfer vehicles based in earth

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orbit will enable us to maneuver freely

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in space working traveling and exploring

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they'll aid us in creating another key

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path to the future

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on the moon we'll learn the necessary

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skills for survival an experience that

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will prepare us for a more rigorous but

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even more rewarding ride

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a ride that will take us ever further

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from home

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until finally we take our first steps

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interplanetary spacecraft will use a

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variety of propulsion methods that offer

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the high efficiency and long running

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times needed to achieve our goal of

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transforming a distant planet into a

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along with advanced chemical and nuclear

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thermal propulsion systems many

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spacecraft will be propelled by electric

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thrusters and powered by solar or

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these plans for the future require

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prediction of the performance of such

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propulsion systems exact simulation is

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necessary

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often the computer serves as a cost

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taking advantage of lewis research

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center's high performance computers and

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advanced networks division members

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develop computational tools and

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techniques that model a propulsion

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system and simulate the complex physical

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processes taking place during its

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operation the speed of propellants as

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they flow through the turbo pump changes

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in temperature within the combustion

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chamber and the onset of turbulence as

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exhaust gases exit the nozzle can all be

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predicted quickly and economically

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computers however cannot do it all

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fully understanding the performance of

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propulsion components and systems often

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in lewis's experimental facilities

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research hardware is a symbol that

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possesses the important characteristics

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of a component or system

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they then simulate the range of

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conditions that will be encountered

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during operation

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and measure the effects of these

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conditions on the test article

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teams conduct propulsion experiments

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from state-of-the-art control rooms

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where computerized systems automatically

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control and monitor facility operations

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in many facilities optical diagnostic

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systems are used as tools of measurement

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because laser beams can withstand higher

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temperature and are less intrusive

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optical diagnostics help researchers

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probe the physics of combustion and flow

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lewis's test facilities have supported

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investigations of many new concepts and

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technologies stronger thrust chamber

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material better cooling techniques

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efficient propellants reliable ignition

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methods and durable chemical and

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the electric propulsion laboratory is a

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world-class space simulation facility

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containing simulation chambers in a

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variety of sizes the vacuum in these

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chambers is comparable to that of the

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cold highly charged vacuum of space

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created by an immense system of pumps

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this laboratory makes it possible to

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predict performance of spacecraft

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elements such as solar arrays as well as

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electric propulsion devices like ion

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thrusters and magnetoplasma dynamic

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during testing researchers gather data

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to predict performance life and

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efficiency

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to allow full utilization the electric

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propulsion laboratory's vacuum chambers

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are divided into several isolated

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sections

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each accessed by a port

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these separate ports make it possible to

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install or remove experiments without

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affecting the vacuum in the rest of the

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chamber and to conduct more than one

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lewis research center's largest chemical

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rocket testing complex is the rocket

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engine test facility its versatile

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system for supplying cryogenic

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propellants and a safe and effective

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method of cooling exhaust gases and

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removing contaminants make it possible

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technologists in the rocket engine test

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facility operate chemical rockets at sea

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level and altitude conditions to better

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understand the performance

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they study the behavior of turbo pump

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components and explore ways to enhance

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their performance and life by simulating

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the conditions in a rocket engine turbo

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pump

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by conducting repeated test firings they

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determine how various material cooling

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techniques and fabrication methods will

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help rocket engines withstand extremely

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working toward goals of top performance

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as well as efficiency economy and

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dependability required for the large

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variety of propulsion systems members of

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the space propulsion technology division

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gather knowledge test ideas and solve

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problems using computers experiments and

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diagnostics it's an endless spiral of

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exploration that draws ever closer to

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the ideals of exact simulation and

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vacuum chambers

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computer codes

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test rigs and highly skilled people

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these are some of the ingredients that

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allow the space propulsion technology

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division to contribute to our nation's

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ride to space

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we know our travels are only the first

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steps of a long and difficult journey

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the vision we have shared with you is

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only the beginning

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the solar system and the universe are

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waiting to be explored

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propulsion will lead the way

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we are proud to help pave the way for

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propulsion technology will reach beyond

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the space shuttle as we continue the

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technologies for communications earth

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observations and earth space operations

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the ability to launch and explore from

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the platform of space station freedom

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and a lunar base will help us ultimately